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The term that refers to any new construction that increases the height or area of an existing building is "Addition." An addition is specifically designed to add space rather than modify or upgrade the current structure in a more general sense. This may involve expanding the footprint of the building, adding a new level, or even extending a specific area such as a wing or room to accommodate more functionality or improve the overall purpose of the space.

In the context of construction terminology:

- "Reconstruction" typically refers to rebuilding a structure that has been damaged, rather than modifying an intact building to increase size.

- "Renovation" involves updating or improving a building's interiors or systems but does not imply that the original dimensions are being altered significantly.

- "Expansion" can sometimes overlap with "addition," but it generally refers to enhancing operations or services in a broader context rather than the physical increase of structure height or area.

Consequently, "Addition" is the most precise term for new construction that leads to an increase in the physical dimensions of an existing building.